# Natanael.net

URL: https://natanael.net

## Natanael Magalhães Cardoso

URL: https://natanael.net

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

![Natanael Magalhães Cardoso](/_astro/nmcardoso_Z42epz.webp)

PhD Candidate

# Natanael Magalhães Cardoso

São Paulo, Brazil

I am an Electrical Engineer with a specialization in Computer Engineering. I have maintained a longstanding interest in computing and programming, having written my first program at the age of nine using ActionScript. I am currently pursuing a Ph.D. in computer engineering, with a focus on artificial intelligence, particularly in the areas of computer vision and pattern analysis. This website serves as a professional platform where I present selected aspects of my academic and technical work.

-   [Lattes](https://lattes.cnpq.br/2164167462832691)
-   [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-9665)
-   [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=cGn84E0AAAAJ)
-   [GitHub](https://github.com/nmcardoso)
-   [GitLab](https://gitlab.com/nmcardoso)
-   [ResearchGate](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Natanael-Cardoso)
-   [LinkedIn](https://linkedin.com/in/nmagcardoso)
-   [Email](mailto:contact@natanael.net)

* * *

## Education

1.  ### PhD in Computer Engineering
    
    2025 — PRESENT
    
    Department of Computer Engineering and Digital Systems (PCS), University of São Paulo (USP)
    
    São Paulo, SP, Brazil
    
2.  ### BSc in Electrical Engineering (habil. Computer Engineering)
    
    2024
    
    Department of Computer Engineering and Digital Systems (PCS), University of São Paulo (USP)
    
    São Paulo, SP, Brazil
    
    -   Best Final Project (Research Category)
    -   Honorable Mention for the Final Project (Overall Category)

* * *

## Research focus

-   ![](/_astro/cover_computer_vision.TtBqZE1D_1odix6.webp)
    
    Neural Nets & Computer Vision
    
-   ![](/_astro/cover_machine_learning_data_science.PAWoEOgS_SzNPI.webp)
    
    Machine Learning & Data Science
    
-   ![](/_astro/cover_data_engineering.C1yCpPsR_1WciQ8.webp)
    
    Data Engineering & Big Data
    
-   ![](/_astro/cover_geospatial_astronomical.BE14fHOV_Z15llgd.webp)
    
    Geospatial & Astronomical Data
    

* * *

1.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mitra/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2](/publications/2026/mitra/)
    
    Dipanjan Mitra, Kanak Saha, Sugata Kaviraj, Alister W. Graham, Sandro Tacchella _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
2.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/valenca/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS](/publications/2026/valenca/)
    
    Raquel Valença, L. Nakazono, Rafael Izbicki, Marco H. de Almeida Inácio, Bruno Marcondes e Resende _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
3.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/le/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster](/publications/2026/le/)
    
    M. N. Le, J. H. Knapen, Ž. Ivezić, Junais, A. Watkins _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
4.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)
    
    Ciria Lima-Dias, Antonela Monachesi, Gissel P. Montaguth, Rodrigo F. Haack, Daniela E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)

---

## areas

URL: https://natanael.net/areas

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.



---

## Category

URL: https://natanael.net/category

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

-   [Conference1](/category/conference/)
-   [Journal8](/category/journal/)
-   [Letter1](/category/letter/)
-   [Research14](/category/research/)

---

## Conference

URL: https://natanael.net/category/conference

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

1.  [![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)](/venues/baaa/)
    
    Conference
    
    ## [Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/venues/baaa/)
    
    1 publication

---

## https://natanael.net/category/conference/

URL: https://natanael.net/category/conference/page/1

https://natanael.net/category/conference/

---

## Journal

URL: https://natanael.net/category/journal

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

1.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/venues/aa/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
    3 publications
    
2.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)](/venues/ac/)IF2.6Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [Astronomy & Computing](/venues/ac/)
    
    1 publication
    
3.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/venues/mnras/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
    
    3 publications
    
4.  [![Cover of Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/_astro/nt.DxZF97FX_Z1XWDsj.webp)](/venues/nt/)
    
    Journal
    
    ## [Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/venues/nt/)
    
    1 publication
    
5.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/venues/aj/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
    2 publications
    
6.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/venues/apj/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    4 publications
    
7.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal Letters](/_astro/apjl.DjrdTvyi_1woUhJ.webp)](/venues/apjl/)IF11.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [The Astrophysical Journal Letters](/venues/apjl/)
    
    0 publications
    
8.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series](/_astro/apjs.CM23nL8M_Z1vK9ly.webp)](/venues/apjs/)IF7.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Journal
    
    ## [The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series](/venues/apjs/)
    
    0 publications

---

## https://natanael.net/category/journal/

URL: https://natanael.net/category/journal/page/1

https://natanael.net/category/journal/

---

## Letter

URL: https://natanael.net/category/letter

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

## 20261 publication

2.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/le/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster](/publications/2026/le/)
    
    M. N. Le, J. H. Knapen, Ž. Ivezić, Junais, A. Watkins _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)

---

## https://natanael.net/category/letter/

URL: https://natanael.net/category/letter/page/1

https://natanael.net/category/letter/

---

## Research article

URL: https://natanael.net/category/research

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

## 20268 publications

2.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mitra/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2](/publications/2026/mitra/)
    
    Dipanjan Mitra, Kanak Saha, Sugata Kaviraj, Alister W. Graham, Sandro Tacchella _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
3.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/valenca/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS](/publications/2026/valenca/)
    
    Raquel Valença, L. Nakazono, Rafael Izbicki, Marco H. de Almeida Inácio, Bruno Marcondes e Resende _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
4.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)
    
    Ciria Lima-Dias, Antonela Monachesi, Gissel P. Montaguth, Rodrigo F. Haack, Daniela E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
5.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/nakazono/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    AcceptedAccepted for publication, not yet in an issueAccepted for publication, not yet in an issue
    
    ### [CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry](/publications/2026/nakazono/)
    
    L. Nakazono, L. L. Oliveira, R. R. Valença, P. Sánchez-Sáez, G. Oliveira-Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
6.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/lima/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters](/publications/2026/lima/)
    
    Erik Vinicius Rodrigues de Lima, Gustavo Bernhard Oliveira Schwarz, Fábio Rafael Herpich, Felipe Almeida-Fernandes, Lilianne Nakazono _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    
7.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)
    
    C. Mendes de Oliveira, N. M. Cardoso, P. A. A. Lopes, A. L. B. Ribeiro, D. E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
    
8.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/cardoso/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects](/publications/2026/cardoso/)
    
    Natanael M. Cardoso, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Angela C. Krabbe, Analia V. Smith Castelli, Gustavo B. Oliveira Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
    6 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
    
9.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/haack/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties](/publications/2026/haack/)
    
    R. F. Haack, A. V. Smith Castelli, L. Sodré Jr., C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. R. Lopes _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    

## 20251 publication

10.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)IF2.6Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     G.B. Oliveira Schwarz, F. Herpich, F. Almeida-Fernandes, L. Nakazono, N.M. Cardoso _et al._
     
     [Astronomy & Computing](/venues/ac/)
     
     7 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     

## 20242 publications

11.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)
     
     A.V. Smith Castelli, A. Cortesi, R.F. Haack, A.R. Lopes, J. Thainá-Batista _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     
12.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/krabbe/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates](/publications/2024/krabbe/)
     
     A. C. Krabbe, J. A. Hernandez-Jimenez, C. Mendes de Oliveira, Y.L. Jaffe, C.B. Oliveira Jr. _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     

## 20221 publication

13.  [![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     ### [Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     G. B. Oliveira Schwarz, N. M. Cardoso, A. Cortesi, A. V. Smith Castelli, G. Lucatelli _et al._
     
     [Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/venues/baaa/)
     

## 20212 publications

14.  [![Cover of Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/_astro/nt.DxZF97FX_Z1XWDsj.webp)](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     ### [Morphological Classification of Galaxies in S-PLUS using an Ensemble of Convolutional Networks](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     N. M. Cardoso, G. B. O. Schwarz, L. O. Dias, C. R. Bom, L. Sodre Jr _et al._
     
     [Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/venues/nt/)
     
     1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
     
15.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2021/bom/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [Deep Learning Assessment of galaxy morphology in S-PLUS Data Release 1](/publications/2021/bom/)
     
     C. R. Bom, A. Cortesi, G. Lucatelli, L. O. Dias, P. Schubert _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     26 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar

---

## https://natanael.net/category/research/

URL: https://natanael.net/category/research/page/1

https://natanael.net/category/research/

---

## Projects

URL: https://natanael.net/projects

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

![](/_astro/splus-square.BUQxmGNT_iYSsr.webp)

## [S-PLUS: Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey](/projects/splus/)

A 12-band optical survey providing homogeneous, spectrally enriched photometry for a wide range of Galactic and extragalactic science.

2016 — present

[View project→](/projects/splus/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

* * *

![](/_astro/splus-fornax.9pZ_3c09_1u2mL7.webp)

## [S+F: S-PLUS Fornax](/projects/splus-fornax/)

A multi-band investigation of the Fornax galaxy cluster aimed at understanding galaxy evolution across diverse environments.

2020 — present

[View project→](/projects/splus-fornax/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

* * *

![](/_astro/splus-scale.BBoq5CqW_Zq6WOT.webp)

## [SCALE: S-PLUS Clusters and Large-scale Environments](/projects/splus-scale/)

A project exploiting S-PLUS multi-band photometry to investigate the large-scale structure of the Universe.

2022 — present

[View project→](/projects/splus-scale/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

---

## S-PLUS: Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey

URL: https://natanael.net/projects/splus

A 12-band optical survey providing homogeneous, spectrally enriched photometry for a wide range of Galactic and extragalactic science.

The **Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS)** is a wide-field optical imaging survey designed to provide homogeneous multi-band photometry of the southern sky. Its distinctive observing strategy combines five broad bands with seven narrow bands, enabling low-resolution spectral energy distribution (SED) sampling over the optical wavelength range. This filter system provides substantially richer spectral information than conventional broad-band imaging, allowing the measurement of stellar populations, emission-line properties, photometric redshifts, and other physical parameters for large and diverse astronomical samples.

The scientific scope of S-PLUS spans stellar and Galactic astrophysics, nearby galaxies, large-scale structure, and extragalactic astronomy. In particular, the narrow-band filters probe prominent spectral features, making the survey especially valuable for identifying and characterizing emission-line systems and constraining physical properties that are otherwise difficult to recover from broad-band photometry alone. The combination of large sky coverage, uniform calibration, and 12-band optical photometry therefore establishes S-PLUS as an important data set for statistical studies requiring both sample size and enhanced spectral resolution.

Beyond its individual scientific applications, S-PLUS provides a valuable bridge between traditional imaging surveys and spectroscopic observations. Its photometric measurements enable the construction of large-scale samples with spectral information at a resolution and survey efficiency inaccessible to spectroscopy over comparable areas. This combination is particularly relevant in the era of large astronomical surveys, where homogeneous multi-dimensional data sets are essential for population studies, target selection, cross-survey analyses, and the development of data-driven and machine-learning methodologies.

1.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/valenca/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS](/publications/2026/valenca/)
    
    Raquel Valença, L. Nakazono, Rafael Izbicki, Marco H. de Almeida Inácio, Bruno Marcondes e Resende _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
2.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)
    
    Ciria Lima-Dias, Antonela Monachesi, Gissel P. Montaguth, Rodrigo F. Haack, Daniela E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
3.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/nakazono/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    AcceptedAccepted for publication, not yet in an issueAccepted for publication, not yet in an issue
    
    ### [CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry](/publications/2026/nakazono/)
    
    L. Nakazono, L. L. Oliveira, R. R. Valença, P. Sánchez-Sáez, G. Oliveira-Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
4.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/lima/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters](/publications/2026/lima/)
    
    Erik Vinicius Rodrigues de Lima, Gustavo Bernhard Oliveira Schwarz, Fábio Rafael Herpich, Felipe Almeida-Fernandes, Lilianne Nakazono _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    
5.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)
    
    C. Mendes de Oliveira, N. M. Cardoso, P. A. A. Lopes, A. L. B. Ribeiro, D. E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
    
6.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/cardoso/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects](/publications/2026/cardoso/)
    
    Natanael M. Cardoso, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Angela C. Krabbe, Analia V. Smith Castelli, Gustavo B. Oliveira Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
    6 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
    
7.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/haack/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties](/publications/2026/haack/)
    
    R. F. Haack, A. V. Smith Castelli, L. Sodré Jr., C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. R. Lopes _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    
8.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)IF2.6Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)
    
    G.B. Oliveira Schwarz, F. Herpich, F. Almeida-Fernandes, L. Nakazono, N.M. Cardoso _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Computing](/venues/ac/)
    
    7 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
    
9.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)
    
    A.V. Smith Castelli, A. Cortesi, R.F. Haack, A.R. Lopes, J. Thainá-Batista _et al._
    
    [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
    
    18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
    
10.  [![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     ### [Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     G. B. Oliveira Schwarz, N. M. Cardoso, A. Cortesi, A. V. Smith Castelli, G. Lucatelli _et al._
     
     [Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/venues/baaa/)
     
11.  [![Cover of Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/_astro/nt.DxZF97FX_Z1XWDsj.webp)](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     ### [Morphological Classification of Galaxies in S-PLUS using an Ensemble of Convolutional Networks](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     N. M. Cardoso, G. B. O. Schwarz, L. O. Dias, C. R. Bom, L. Sodre Jr _et al._
     
     [Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/venues/nt/)
     
     1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
     
12.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2021/bom/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [Deep Learning Assessment of galaxy morphology in S-PLUS Data Release 1](/publications/2021/bom/)
     
     C. R. Bom, A. Cortesi, G. Lucatelli, L. O. Dias, P. Schubert _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     26 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar

---

## S+F: S-PLUS Fornax

URL: https://natanael.net/projects/splus-fornax

A multi-band investigation of the Fornax galaxy cluster aimed at understanding galaxy evolution across diverse environments.

The **S-PLUS Fornax (S+F) project** exploits the 12-band imaging capabilities of S-PLUS to investigate the Fornax galaxy cluster and its surrounding environment. As one of the nearest and best-studied galaxy clusters, Fornax provides an exceptional laboratory for examining the role of environment in galaxy evolution across a broad range of masses and morphological types. The project combines the statistical power and homogeneous photometric coverage of S-PLUS with the cluster’s extensive ancillary data to study its galaxy population and spatial structure over scales extending beyond the cluster core.

A central scientific motivation of S+F is to characterize how galaxy properties vary as a function of environment and cluster membership. The multi-band SED information provided by S-PLUS enables the investigation of stellar populations, star-formation activity, colours, and emission-line signatures for large samples, including low-luminosity systems that are particularly important for understanding the assembly and transformation of galaxies in dense environments. The wide-field coverage also permits the analysis of the transition between the cluster core, infall regions, and the surrounding large-scale structure.

The novelty of S+F lies in using a homogeneous narrow- and broad-band photometric data set to investigate a nearby galaxy cluster continuously across multiple environmental regimes. This approach complements targeted spectroscopy by extending the analysis to substantially larger and more complete photometric samples while retaining sensitivity to relevant spectral features. Consequently, S+F provides a framework for connecting resolved environmental studies in the local Universe with the large statistical samples expected from current and forthcoming multi-band surveys.

1.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/haack/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties](/publications/2026/haack/)
    
    R. F. Haack, A. V. Smith Castelli, L. Sodré Jr., C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. R. Lopes _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    
2.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)
    
    A.V. Smith Castelli, A. Cortesi, R.F. Haack, A.R. Lopes, J. Thainá-Batista _et al._
    
    [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
    
    18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar

---

## SCALE: S-PLUS Clusters and Large-scale Environments

URL: https://natanael.net/projects/splus-scale

A project exploiting S-PLUS multi-band photometry to investigate the large-scale structure of the Universe.

The **S-PLUS Clusters and Large-scale Environments (SCALE)** project is focused on exploiting the S-PLUS data set for cosmological and extragalactic studies based on the statistical distribution of galaxies and other tracers across the sky. Its scientific case is rooted in the use of the survey’s large-area, homogeneous 12-band photometry to construct well-characterized samples suitable for investigating the connection between galaxy populations and the underlying large-scale structure. The additional spectral information supplied by the narrow bands is particularly valuable for improving object characterization and deriving redshift- and population-dependent quantities from photometric data.

A major objective of SCALE is to transform the rich photometric information of S-PLUS into cosmologically useful observables and catalogues. This includes the characterization of galaxy samples, photometric-redshift information, selection functions, and physical properties that are required to robustly measure large-scale structure and its evolution. By combining wide-area coverage with enhanced spectral sampling, SCALE can explore regimes in which purely broad-band surveys face stronger degeneracies, thereby improving the identification and characterization of the tracers used in statistical cosmological analyses.

The scientific novelty of SCALE arises from applying a filter system intermediate between conventional broad-band imaging and spectroscopy to large-scale cosmological investigations. S-PLUS therefore offers the possibility of increasing the information content available per object while preserving the survey efficiency necessary for population-level measurements. In this context, SCALE provides an important testbed for methodologies that combine multi-band photometry, statistical inference, and modern data-driven techniques, while also establishing a path toward maximizing the cosmological return of current and future photometric surveys.

1.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)
    
    C. Mendes de Oliveira, N. M. Cardoso, P. A. A. Lopes, A. L. B. Ribeiro, D. E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex

---

## Publications

URL: https://natanael.net/publications

Electrical/Computer Engineer and PhD candidate working on artificial intelligence, computer vision and pattern analysis.

## 20269 publications

2.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mitra/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2](/publications/2026/mitra/)
    
    Dipanjan Mitra, Kanak Saha, Sugata Kaviraj, Alister W. Graham, Sandro Tacchella _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
3.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/valenca/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS](/publications/2026/valenca/)
    
    Raquel Valença, L. Nakazono, Rafael Izbicki, Marco H. de Almeida Inácio, Bruno Marcondes e Resende _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
4.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/le/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    SubmittedSubmitted for publication, under reviewSubmitted for publication, under review
    
    ### [Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster](/publications/2026/le/)
    
    M. N. Le, J. H. Knapen, Ž. Ivezić, Junais, A. Watkins _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
5.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)
    
    Ciria Lima-Dias, Antonela Monachesi, Gissel P. Montaguth, Rodrigo F. Haack, Daniela E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
    
6.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/nakazono/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    AcceptedAccepted for publication, not yet in an issueAccepted for publication, not yet in an issue
    
    ### [CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry](/publications/2026/nakazono/)
    
    L. Nakazono, L. L. Oliveira, R. R. Valença, P. Sánchez-Sáez, G. Oliveira-Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
7.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/lima/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters](/publications/2026/lima/)
    
    Erik Vinicius Rodrigues de Lima, Gustavo Bernhard Oliveira Schwarz, Fábio Rafael Herpich, Felipe Almeida-Fernandes, Lilianne Nakazono _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
    
8.  [![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)IF5.7Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    Recently publishedPublished within the last 6 monthsPublished within the last 6 months
    
    ### [S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)
    
    C. Mendes de Oliveira, N. M. Cardoso, P. A. A. Lopes, A. L. B. Ribeiro, D. E. Olave-Rojas _et al._
    
    [The Astrophysical Journal](/venues/apj/)
    
    1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
    
9.  [![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)](/publications/2026/cardoso/)IF5.8Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
    
    ### [AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects](/publications/2026/cardoso/)
    
    Natanael M. Cardoso, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Angela C. Krabbe, Analia V. Smith Castelli, Gustavo B. Oliveira Schwarz _et al._
    
    [The Astronomical Journal](/venues/aj/)
    
    6 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
    
10.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)](/publications/2026/haack/)IF6.1Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties](/publications/2026/haack/)
     
     R. F. Haack, A. V. Smith Castelli, L. Sodré Jr., C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. R. Lopes _et al._
     
     [Astronomy & Astrophysics](/venues/aa/)
     
     1 citationCitations recorded in ScopusCitations recorded in Scopus
     

## 20251 publication

11.  [![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)IF2.6Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     G.B. Oliveira Schwarz, F. Herpich, F. Almeida-Fernandes, L. Nakazono, N.M. Cardoso _et al._
     
     [Astronomy & Computing](/venues/ac/)
     
     7 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     

## 20242 publications

12.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)
     
     A.V. Smith Castelli, A. Cortesi, R.F. Haack, A.R. Lopes, J. Thainá-Batista _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     
13.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2024/krabbe/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates](/publications/2024/krabbe/)
     
     A. C. Krabbe, J. A. Hernandez-Jimenez, C. Mendes de Oliveira, Y.L. Jaffe, C.B. Oliveira Jr. _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     18 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar
     

## 20221 publication

14.  [![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     ### [Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)
     
     G. B. Oliveira Schwarz, N. M. Cardoso, A. Cortesi, A. V. Smith Castelli, G. Lucatelli _et al._
     
     [Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/venues/baaa/)
     

## 20212 publications

15.  [![Cover of Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/_astro/nt.DxZF97FX_Z1XWDsj.webp)](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     ### [Morphological Classification of Galaxies in S-PLUS using an Ensemble of Convolutional Networks](/publications/2021/cardoso/)
     
     N. M. Cardoso, G. B. O. Schwarz, L. O. Dias, C. R. Bom, L. Sodre Jr _et al._
     
     [Notas Técnicas do CBPF](/venues/nt/)
     
     1 citationCitations recorded in OpenAlexCitations recorded in OpenAlex
     
16.  [![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)](/publications/2021/bom/)IF5.2Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025Journal Impact Factor from the Journal Citation Reports 2025
     
     ### [Deep Learning Assessment of galaxy morphology in S-PLUS Data Release 1](/publications/2021/bom/)
     
     C. R. Bom, A. Cortesi, G. Lucatelli, L. O. Dias, P. Schubert _et al._
     
     [Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/venues/mnras/)
     
     26 citationsCitations recorded in Google ScholarCitations recorded in Google Scholar

---

## Deep Learning Assessment of galaxy morphology in S-PLUS Data Release 1

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2021/bom

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2021)

## Abstract

The morphological diversity of galaxies is a relevant probe of galaxy evolution and cosmological structure formation, but the classification of galaxies in large sky surveys is becoming a significant challenge. We use data from the Stripe-82 area observed by the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) in 12 optical bands, and present a catalogue of the morphologies of galaxies brighter than r = 17 mag determined both using a novel multiband morphometric fitting technique and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for computer vision. Using the CNNs, we find that, compared to our baseline results with three bands, the performance increases when using 5 broad and 3 narrow bands, but is poorer when using the full 12 band S-PLUS image set. However, the best result is still achieved with just three optical bands when using pre-trained network weights from an ImageNet data set. These results demonstrate the importance of using prior knowledge about neural network weights based on training in unrelated, extensive data sets, when available. Our catalogue contains 3274 galaxies in Stripe-82 that are not present in Galaxy Zoo 1 (GZ1), and we also provide our classifications for 4686 galaxies that were considered ambiguous in GZ1. Finally, we present a prospect of a novel way to take advantage of 12 band information for morphological classification using morphometric features, and we release a model that has been pre-trained on several bands that could be adapted for classifications using data from other surveys. The morphological catalogues are publicly available.

![](/_astro/paper-clecio.C_VmJEG9_Z1hRl9g.webp)

Materials and data related with this paper are available at [http://clearnightsrthebest.com](http://clearnightsrthebest.com) and [https://github.com/cdebom/splus\_morph](https://github.com/cdebom/splus_morph).

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{debom2021,
  title = {Deep {Learning} assessment of galaxy morphology in {S}-{PLUS} {Data} {Release} 1},
  volume = {507},
  copyright = {https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open\\\_access/funder\\\_policies/chorus/standard\\\_publication\\\_model},
  issn = {0035-8711, 1365-2966},
  url = {https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/507/2/1937/6328504},
  doi = {10.1093/mnras/stab1981},
  language = {en},
  number = {2},
  urldate = {2025-01-18},
  journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  author = {Bom, C R and Cortesi, A and Lucatelli, G and Dias, L O and Schubert, P and Oliveira Schwarz, G B and Cardoso, N M and Lima, E V R and Mendes de Oliveira, C and Sodre, L and Smith Castelli, A V and Ferrari, F and Damke, G and Overzier, R and Kanaan, A and Ribeiro, T and Schoenell, W},
  month = aug,
  year = {2021},
  pages = {1937--1955},
}

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

---

## Morphological Classification of Galaxies in S-PLUS using an Ensemble of Convolutional Networks

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2021/cardoso

Notas Técnicas do CBPF (2021)

## Abstract

The universe is composed of galaxies that have diverse shapes. Once the structure of a galaxy is determined, it is possible to obtain important information on its formation and evolution. Morphological classification is the cataloging of galaxies according to their visual appearance and it is linked to their physical properties. A morphological classification made through visual analysis is sensible to differences in evaluation among diferent human volunteers. For this reason, systematic, objective and easily reproducible classification of galaxies has been gaining importance since the astronomer Edwin Hubble created his famous classification method. In this work, we combine accurate visual classifications of the Galaxy Zoo project with Deep Learning methods. The goal is to find an efficient technique at human performance level classification, but in a systematic and automatic way, for classification of elliptical and spiral galaxies. For this, a neural network model was created through an Ensemble of four other convolutional models, allowing a greater accuracy in the classification than what would be obtained with any one individual. Details of the individual models and improvements made to these are also described. The present work is entirely based on the analysis of images (not parameter tables) from DR1 ([www.datalab.noao.edu](http://www.datalab.noao.edu)) of the [Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS)](https://splus.iag.usp.br). In terms of classification, we achieved, with the Ensemble, an accuracy of $\\approx 99 \\%$ in the test sample (using pre-trained networks).

![](/_astro/nt-splus-morpho.CSzeaacq_ZDl51k.webp)

## Blind sample table description[#](#blind-sample-table-description)

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| ra | right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) |
| dec | declination in decimal degrees (J2000) |
| r_auto | S-PLUS DR1 r-band magnitude (SDSS-like r) |
| mn170_pE | probability of the object being elliptical given by the classification of the trained model with objects with magnitude \(r_{auto} < 17\) (mn stands for "MorphoNet") |
| mn170_pS | probability of the object being spiral given by the classification of the trained model with objects with magnitude \(r_{auto} < 17\) |
| mn175_pE | probability of the object being elliptical given by the classification of the trained model with objects with magnitude \(r_{auto} < 17.5\) |
| mn175_pS | probability of the object being spiral given by the classification of the trained model with objects with magnitude \(r_{auto} < 17.5\) |

## Trained network weights[#](#trained-network-weights)

Weights of trained models as described in the paper. The network was trained with TensorFlow v2 and saved in [SavedModel](https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/saved_model) format. Each folder contains the model of a member of the Ensemble. A file in Python3 called `MorphoNet Class` is available that automates the loading of the weights of each member. It is recommended to use this class instead of making direct predictions as it standardizes member predictions with respect to training data as described in the paper.

## Code Samples[#](#code-samples)

python

Copy

import os
import random
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl\_toolkits.axes\_grid1 import ImageGrid
import morphonet
\# kind can be 'mn170' or 'mn175'
mn \= morphonet.MorphoNet(kind\="mn170", weights\_folder\="morphonet170")
\# this method load the members and meta-model in memory
mn.load()
\# load images to memory, using np.load in this case of .npy images
imgs \= \[
    np.load(f"colored\_splus\_stamps\_npy/{f}")
    for f in os.listdir("colored\_splus\_stamps\_npy")
\]
\# call predict method with a list of numpy arrays of shape (128, 128, 3)
preds \= mn.predict(imgs)
\# select a random sample to plot
ids \= random.sample(range(0, len(imgs)), 100)
\# plot the reults in a grid
fig \= plt.figure(figsize\=(14, 16))
grid \= ImageGrid(fig, 111, nrows\_ncols\=(7, 7), axes\_pad\=0.3)
for ax, \_id in zip(grid, ids):
    im \= imgs\[\_id\]
    ax.set\_title(f"S={preds\[\_id\]\[0\]:.2f} E={preds\[\_id\]\[1\]:.2f}")
    ax.imshow(im)
plt.show()

![](/_astro/preds_grid.D8W-dogq_Z1lXTiP.webp)

[Open in Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1tP32JapDvHARFiyeTR_znSWR5UGgfJhA?usp=sharing)

## Data

Blind Sample

CSV tableblind\_classifications.csv[Download](blind_classifications.csv)

RGB imagesblind\_sample\_npy\_128.tar.xz[Download](https://github.com/nmcardoso/galmorpho/releases/download/v1/blind_sample_npy_128.tar.xz)

MN170 Weights (1GB)

Main sourcemorphonet170.zip[Download](https://github.com/nmcardoso/galmorpho/releases/download/v1/morphonet170.zip)

Mirror source1-6Fc\_zL4aH8cNHmGju8nFKMU\_kgyiDE\_?usp=sharing[Download](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-6Fc_zL4aH8cNHmGju8nFKMU_kgyiDE_?usp=sharing)

MN175 Weights (1GB)

Main sourcemorphonet175.zip[Download](https://github.com/nmcardoso/galmorpho/releases/download/v1/morphonet175.zip)

Mirror source1KZu1MjA2RP2d5l-ZWJUmHy6542uWOAdS?usp=sharing[Download](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1KZu1MjA2RP2d5l-ZWJUmHy6542uWOAdS?usp=sharing)

## Code

MorphoNet Code

RepositoryPython 3[Code](morphonet.py)

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{cardoso2021,
  title = {Classificação {Morfológica} de {Galáxias} no {S}-{PLUS} por {Combinação} de {Redes} {Convolucionais}},
  volume = {11},
  issn = {22367640},
  url = {https://revistas.cbpf.br/index.php/NT/article/view/140},
  doi = {10.7437/NT2236-7640/2021.02.002},
  number = {2},
  urldate = {2025-01-18},
  journal = {Notas Técnicas},
  author = {Cardoso, N. M. and Schwarz, G. B. and Dias, L. O. and Bom, C. R. and Jr., L. Sodré and De Oliveira, C. Mendes},
  month = oct,
  year = {2021},
  pages = {1--18},
}

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[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

---

## Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz

Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía (2022)

## Abstract

We show preliminary results of searches for interacting galaxies over an area of about 1000 square degrees in the southern hemisphere, using the second data release of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey. Our first goal is to find very nearby interacting galaxies (z < 0.019) with a high fraction of gas in the Fornax cluster and other nearby systems, taking advantage of the large area covered by S-PLUS with images in the Hα band. Our second goal is to obtain a sufficiently representative dataset of interacting galaxies with r < 17.5 mag, using different methods, to feed a supervised training of a deep learning model that is capable of finding new interacting galaxies in S-PLUS automatically. Here we show a sample of interacting galaxies found by the deep learning model under development as a partial result of the project. The accuracy of the model in the test set is $\\approx$91%.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{2022BAAA...63..259O,
  author = {{Oliveira Schwarz}, G.~B. and {Cardoso}, N.~M. and {Cortesi}, A. and {Smith Castelli}, A.~V. and {Lucatelli}, G. and {Saponara}, J. and {Jaff{\\'e}}, Y. and {Guti{\\'e}rrez-Soto}, L.~A. and {Bom}, C.~R. and {Krabbe}, A. and {Hernandez-Fernandez}, J.~A. and {Ferrari}, F. and {Chies-Santos}, A.~L. and {Pereira}, H.~M. and {Sodr{\\'e}}, L. and {Lima-Dias}, C. and {Lima}, E.~V. and {Caro}, F. and {Mendes de Oliveira}, C.},
  title = "{Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database}",
  journal = {Boletin de la Asociacion Argentina de Astronomia La Plata Argentina},
  keywords = {surveys, methods: observational, galaxies: interactions},
  year = 2022,
  month = jul,
  volume = {63},
  pages = {259-261},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022BAAA...63..259O},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

---

## Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2024/krabbe

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2024)

## Abstract

This paper presents a method for finding ram pressure stripped (RPS) galaxy candidates by performing a morphological analysis of galaxy images obtained from the Legacy survey. We consider a sample of about 600 galaxies located in different environments such as groups and clusters, tidally interacting pairs and the field. The sample includes 160 RPS previously classified in the literature into classes from J1 to J5, based on the increasing level of disturbances. Our morphological analysis was done using the astromorphlib software followed by the inspection of diagnostic diagrams involving combinations of different parameters like the asymmetry (A), concentration (C), Sérsic index (n), and bulge strength parameters F(G, M$\_{20}$). We found that some of those diagrams display a distinct region in which galaxies classified as J3, J4, and J5 decouples from isolated galaxies. We call this region as the morphological transition zone and we also found that tidally interacting galaxies in pairs are predominant within this zone. Nevertheless, after visually inspecting the objects in the morphological transition zone to discard obvious contaminants, we ended up with 33 bona fide new RPS candidates in the studied nearby groups and clusters (Hydra, Fornax, and CLoGS sample), of which one-third show clear evidence of unwinding arms. Future works may potentially further increase significantly the samples of known RPS using such method.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{krabbe2024,
  title = {Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates},
  volume = {528},
  copyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
  issn = {0035-8711, 1365-2966},
  url = {https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/528/2/1125/7480262},
  doi = {10.1093/mnras/stad3881},
  language = {en},
  number = {2},
  urldate = {2025-01-18},
  journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  author = {Krabbe, A C and Hernandez-Jimenez, J A and Mendes de Oliveira, C and Jaffe, Y L and Oliveira, C B and Cardoso, N M and Smith Castelli, A V and Dors, O L and Cortesi, A and Crossett, J P},
  month = jan,
  year = {2024},
  pages = {1125--1141},
}

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* * *

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

---

## The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2024/smith-castelli

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2024)

## Abstract

The Fornax galaxy cluster is the richest nearby (D $\\sim$ 20 Mpc) galaxy association in the southern sky. As such, it provides a wealth of opportunities to elucidate on the processes where environment holds a key role in transforming galaxies. Although it has been the focus of many studies, Fornax has never been explored with contiguous homogeneous wide-field imaging in 12 photometric narrow and broad bands like those provided by the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). In this paper, we present the S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP) that aims to comprehensively analyse the galaxy content of the Fornax cluster using S-PLUS. Our data set consists of 106 S-PLUS wide-field frames (FoV $\\sim$ 1.4 $\\times$ 1.4 deg$^2$) observed in five Sloan Digital Sky Survey-like ugriz broad bands and seven narrow bands covering specific spectroscopic features like \[O ii\], Ca ii H+K, H$\\delta$, G band, Mg b triplet, H$\\alpha$, and the Ca ii triplet. Based on S-PLUS specific automated photometry, aimed at correctly detecting Fornax galaxies and globular clusters in S-PLUS images, our data set provides the community with catalogues containing homogeneous 12-band photometry for $\\sim 3 \\times 106$ resolved and unresolved objects within a region extending over $\\sim$208 deg$^2$ ($\\sim$5 Rvir in RA) around Fornax' central galaxy, NGC 1399. We further explore the eagle and IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations to identify 45 Fornax-like clusters and generate mock images on all 12 S-PLUS bands of these structures down to galaxies with M$\_\\star$ $\\geq$ 108 M$\_\\odot$. The S+FP data set we put forward in this first paper of a series will enable a variety of studies some of which are briefly presented.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{castelli2024,
  title = {The {S}-{PLUS} {Fornax} {Project} ({S}+{FP}): {A} first 12-band glimpse of the {Fornax} galaxy cluster},
  volume = {530},
  copyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
  issn = {0035-8711, 1365-2966},
  shorttitle = {The {S}-{PLUS} {Fornax} {Project} ({S}+{FP})},
  url = {https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/530/4/3787/7634368},
  doi = {10.1093/mnras/stae840},
  language = {en},
  number = {4},
  urldate = {2025-01-18},
  journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  author = {Smith Castelli, A V and Cortesi, A and Haack, R F and Lopes, A R and Thainá-Batista, J and Cid Fernandes, R and Lomelí-Núñez, L and Ribeiro, U and de Bom, C R and Cernic, V and Sodré Jr, L and Zenocratti, L and De Rossi, M E and Calderón, J P and Herpich, F and Telles, E and Saha, K and Lopes, P A A and Lopes-Silva, V H and Gonçalves, T S and Bambrila, D and Cardoso, N M and Buzzo, M L and Astudillo Sotomayor, P and Demarco, R and Leigh, N and Sarzi, M and Menéndez-Delmestre, K and Faifer, F R and Jiménez-Teja, Y and Grossi, M and Hernández-Jiménez, J A and Krabbe, A C and Gutiérrez Soto, L A and Brandão, D and Espinosa, L and Olave-Rojas, D E and Oliveira Schwarz, G B and Almeida-Fernandes, F and Schoenell, W and Ribeiro, T and Kanaan, A and Mendes de Oliveira, C},
  month = may,
  year = {2024},
  pages = {3787--3811},
}

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[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz

Astronomy & Computing (2025)

## Abstract

The Multiband Astronomical Reduction (MAR) is a multithreaded data reduction pipeline designed to handle raw astronomical images from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey, transforming them into frames that are ready for source extraction, photometry and flux calibration. MAR is a complete software written almost entirely in Python, with a flexible object-oriented approach, simplifying the implementation of new moduli. It contains a Python package, mar, with all essential operations to be used, a server where the pipeline resides, an interface that allows users to navigate quickly, and a database to store all data as well as important information and procedures applied to the images. MAR is now regularly used to process data from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey, but its methods may be used for developing other multiband data reduction packages. This paper explains each pipeline modulus of MAR and describes how its routines work.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{mar,
  title = {{MAR}: {A} {Multiband} {Astronomical} {Reduction} package},
  volume = {51},
  issn = {22131337},
  shorttitle = {{MAR}},
  url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213133724001148},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ascom.2024.100899},
  language = {en},
  urldate = {2025-01-18},
  journal = {Astronomy and Computing},
  author = {Schwarz, G.B. Oliveira and Herpich, F. and Almeida-Fernandes, F. and Nakazono, L. and Cardoso, N.M. and Machado-Pereira, E. and Schoenell, W. and Perottoni, H.D. and Menéndez-Delmestre, K. and Sodré, L. and Kanaan, A. and Ribeiro, T.},
  month = apr,
  year = {2025},
  pages = {100899},
}

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* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/cardoso

The Astronomical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

The rapid growth of imaging and spectroscopic surveys has intensified the need for efficient tools that support visual inspection, a practice that remains essential for tasks such as classification, catalog refinement, and validation of automated methods. Existing solutions, however, often require the use of multiple platforms and complex workflows to integrate heterogeneous data. To address this challenge, we present the first release of the AstroInspect ([https://astroinspect.github.io](https://astroinspect.github.io)), a web-based system which ensures seamless access to several astronomical resources. The system provides an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) through which users can upload catalogs of objects defined by celestial coordinates. AstroInspect automatically enriches these catalogs with complementary information, including imaging, spectroscopic, and photometric data retrieved in real time from surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the Legacy Surveys (LS), and the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). As an example of its scientific utility, we used AstroInspect to identify H$\\alpha$ emission-line galaxies within a 7 deg radius in the direction of the Hydra I cluster (also known as Abell 1060) by visual inspection. Using a candidate set of 981 galaxies selected from S-PLUS photometric data, we produced a catalog of 80 galaxies with confirmed H$\\alpha$ emission. These results highlight the potential of AstroInspect to support efficient visual inspection workflows.

## AstroInpect Interface[#](#astroinpect-interface)

![](/_astro/astroinspect_ui.CoPMWodG_Z14MFoH.webp)

## Public Catalog Documentation[#](#public-catalog-documentation)

The Table 1 of the AstroInspect paper contains all H$\\alpha$ emission-line galaxies within 5$R\_{200}$ ($\\approx 7$ deg) of the Hydra I cluster (also known as Abell 1060) ([Abell et al., 1989](#bib-abell1989)) found by visual inspection using AstroInspect.

| # | Unit | Column name | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 |  | id | Catalog unique identifier |
| 2 | deg | ra | Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) |
| 3 | deg | dec | Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) |
| 4 | mag | sp_mag_u | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the u band |
| 5 | mag | sp_mag_g | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the g band |
| 6 | mag | sp_mag_r | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the r band |
| 7 | mag | sp_mag_i | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the i band |
| 8 | mag | sp_mag_z | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the z band |
| 9 | mag | sp_mag_F378 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F378 band (Balmer jump / [O\(_{\rm II}\)]) |
| 10 | mag | sp_mag_F395 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F395 band (Ca H + K) |
| 11 | mag | sp_mag_F410 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F410 band (H\(\delta\)) |
| 12 | mag | sp_mag_F430 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F430 band (G band) |
| 13 | mag | sp_mag_F515 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F515 band (Mg b triplet) |
| 14 | mag | sp_mag_F660 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F660 band (H\(\alpha\)) |
| 15 | mag | sp_mag_F861 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in the F861 band (Ca triplet) |
| 16-27 | mag | sp_mag_err_[band] | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude error, where [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 28 | deg | sp_A | S-PLUS DR5 profile RMS along the major axis |
| 29 | deg | sp_B | S-PLUS DR5 profile RMS along the minor axis |
| 30 | deg | sp_PA | S-PLUS DR5 position angle (CCW/World-x) |
| 31 | deg | sp_radius_petro | S-PLUS DR5 Petrosian aperture radius |
| 32 | deg | sp_radius_50 | S-PLUS DR5 radius enclosing 50% of the total flux |
| 33 | deg | sp_radius_90 | S-PLUS DR5 radius enclosing 90% of the total flux |
| 34 |  | sp_photoz | S-PLUS DR5 photometric redshift |
| 35 |  | sp_photoz_odds | S-PLUS DR5 photometric redshift odds |
| 36 | mag | ls_mag_g | LS DR10 magnitude in the g band |
| 37 | mag | ls_mag_r | LS DR10 magnitude in the r band |
| 38 | mag | ls_mag_i | LS DR10 magnitude in the i band |
| 39 | mag | ls_mag_z | LS DR10 magnitude in the z band |
| 40 |  | ls_type | LS DR10 morphological type (for details, see the documentation ) |
| 41 |  | lit_redshift | Spectroscopic redshift |
| 42 |  | lit_redshift_err | Spectroscopic redshift error |
| 43 |  | lit_source | Spectroscopic redshift source from literature |
| 44 | km/s | velocity | Velocity derived from spectroscopic redshift |
| 45 | km/s | velocity_err | Velocity error |
| 46 | km/s | velocity_offset | Velocity difference between the object and the Hydra I cluster, available only for objects with known spectroscopic redshift |
| 47 | deg | dist_proj | Sky-projected angular distance between the object and the Hydra I cluster center |
| 48 | Mpc | dist | Distance between the object and the Hydra I cluster center, available only for objects with known spectroscopic redshift |

## References[#](#references)

Abell, G. O., Corwin, H. G., & Olowin, R. P. (1989). A catalog of rich clusters of galaxies. _The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series_, _70_, 1. https://doi.org/10.1086/191333

## Data

Table 1

Parquettable1.parquet[Download](https://astroinspect.natanael.net/publications/hydra-halpha/table1.parquet)

CSVtable1.csv[Download](https://astroinspect.natanael.net/publications/hydra-halpha/table1.csv)

VOTabletable1.xml[Download](https://astroinspect.natanael.net/publications/hydra-halpha/table1.xml)

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{astroinspect,
  doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/ae4fb1},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ae4fb1},
  year = {2026},
  month = {apr},
  publisher = {The American Astronomical Society},
  volume = {171},
  number = {5},
  pages = {290},
  author = {Cardoso, Natanael M. and Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia and Krabbe, Angela C. and Smith Castelli, Analía V. and Oliveira Schwarz, Gustavo B. and Nakazono, Lilianne and Demarco, Ricardo and Carvalho, Maiara S. and Schoenell, William and Ribeiro, Tiago and Kanaan, Antonio and Saraiva, Antonio M.},
  title = {AstroInspect: A Web-based System to Organize, Assess, and Visually Inspect Astronomical Objects},
  journal = {The Astronomical Journal},
}

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* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/haack

Astronomy & Astrophysics (2026)

## Abstract

Observational extragalactic catalogs over wide sky areas are essential for uncovering the large-scale structure of the Universe. They allow, among other things, cosmological studies and density analyses that impose strong constraints on models of galaxy formation and evolution. By taking advantage of the wide field images and the 12 optical bands of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS), we aim to provide a catalog of galaxies located, in projection, toward the Fornax galaxy cluster, within $\\sim$ 5 virial radii in right ascension (R.A.) and $\\sim$ 3 virial radii in declination (Dec) around NGC,1399, the dominant galaxy of the cluster. Such a catalog will allow unprecedented large-scale structure studies in that sky region. We developed supervised deep-learning algorithms, utilizing neural networks complemented by dimensionality-reduction techniques, to classify and separate spurious objects, stars and galaxies in a photometric catalog previously built for the S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP). That catalog was built using a combination of SExtractor configurations optimized for galaxy detection and characterization. A catalog of 119,580 galaxies was obtained in the direction of the Fornax cluster containing photometric information in the 12 optical bands of S-PLUS complemented with GALEX (UV), VHS-VISTA (NIR), and AllWISE (MIR) data. We estimate photometric redshifts (σ$\_{NMAD}$ $\\sim$ 0.0219) with a lower limit of z$\_{lim}$ $\\sim$ 0.03. Stellar masses, star formation rates (SFRs), and D4000$\_N$ index estimates were obtained through a machine-learning approach, by matching S-PLUS photometric data to SDSS spectroscopic data. The completeness of the catalog (72%) was calculated by comparing it with mock catalogs. Taking into account our z$\_{lim}$, we were able to identify 119,230 background galaxies and to find 350 candidates to be Fornax members or infalling galaxies, which were not included in our compilation of 1,005 galaxies previously reported in the literature. We were also able to classify the galaxies in our catalog as quiescent (43%), star forming (39%), and transition (18%) galaxies. In addition, 181 emission line galaxy (ELG) candidates were identified using the filter J0660. The spatial distribution of the galaxies in our catalog shows projected overdensities that match 158 background clusters identified by eROSITA. This confirms the robustness of our catalog in tracing real structures. In that context, we expect the extragalactic catalog of the S+FP to allow us to better understand the large-scale structure in the direction of the Fornax cluster and to identify the substructures that are feeding Fornax.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{haack+2026,
  author = {{Haack, R. F.} and {Smith Castelli, A. V.} and {Sodré, L.} and {Mendes de Oliveira, C.} and {Lopes, A. R.} and {Gutiérrez-Soto, L. A.} and {Demarco, R.} and {Olave-Rojas, D. E.} and {Carrasco, E. R.} and {Humire, P. K.} and {Calderón, J. P.} and {de Almeida Fernandes, F.} and {Lomelí-Núñez, L.} and {Sepúlveda, G.} and {Lima-Dias, C.} and {Torres Flores, S.} and {Telles, E.} and {Cardoso, N. M.} and {Palma, D.} and {Doubrawa, L.} and {Pallero, D.} and {Marinello, M.} and {Schoenell, W.} and {Ribeiro, T.} and {Kanaan, A.}},
  title = {The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼5 virial radii around NGC1399 with galaxy properties},
  DOI = "10.1051/0004-6361/202558132",
  url = "https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558132",
  journal = {A&A},
  year = 2026,
  volume = 708,
  pages = "A204",
}

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/le

Astronomy & Astrophysics (2026)

## Abstract

Galaxies with the faintest surface brightness are currently known only in the Local Group. Similar objects should exist beyond our vicinity and are crucial for understanding galaxy evolution, structure, and dark matter content, yet surveys have not reached the depth required to detect them systematically. We present a population of seven almost-dark galaxies identified in Data Preview 2 of the Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time. They surround M49 in the vicinity of the Virgo Cluster, and exhibit central surface brightnesses in the range of $26.9 - 28.5 \\, \\mathrm{mag \\, arcsec^{-2}}$ in the $g$-band, with half-light radii of $0.6 - 4.6 \\, \\mathrm{kpc}$ at the distance of Virgo, and stellar masses of $10^6 - 10^7 \\, \\mathrm{M\_\\odot}$. Their characteristics are analogous to those of the faintest and low-mass galaxies identified among satellite galaxies And XXI, And XXIII, and And XXV in the Local Group. This discovery demonstrates the power of the forthcoming Rubin LSST 10-year survey to uncover extremely faint galaxies at scale, promising the large statistical samples needed to constrain the faint-end luminosity function and the nature of dark matter.

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

---

## The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/lima

The Astrophysical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

We present the 5th data release (DR5) of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS), covering 4592 square degrees across 2491 fields. Observations were conducted with the T80-South, a Brazilian robotic telescope equipped with the Javalambre 12-filter system, containing five broad- and seven narrowband filters. Data products feature FITS images and extensive catalogs containing fluxes, magnitudes, and shape parameters for over 113 million detections. In addition, several value-added catalogs are provided, offering photometric redshifts (photo-zs), object classifications, masks, and extinction coefficients. For the first time, this release includes coverage of 110 square degrees along the Galactic disk, facilitating new research into Galactic structure and stellar populations. The release also provides full coverage of the Hydra Supercluster and numerous other nearby clusters with improved data reduction and calibration, enhancing photo-z accuracy, which is vital for large-scale structure studies. A preliminary analysis of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters up to $5\\times R\_{200}$ yields an updated catalog of 1646 cluster members based on both spectroscopic and high-quality photo-zs. Our photometric data shows that both clusters have a similar proportion of galaxies with a Halpha excess relative to their clustercentric distance, though Hydra has a higher fraction near its center. Additionally, the spatial distribution of all objects in our sample highlights a bridge connecting both clusters. We verify that S-PLUS DR5 provides a solid foundation for future scientific investigations, ranging from Solar System studies to Cosmology.

## Data Release Documentation[#](#data-release-documentation)

The full data release documentation is available in the [S-PLUS DR5 website](https://splus.cloud/documentation/dr5). This page include some summary tables for fast reference.

## Galactic Extinction Coeficients[#](#galactic-extinction-coeficients)

| Filter | $\lambda_{\mathrm{central}}$ [Å] | FWHM [Å] | $\lambda_{\mathrm{mean}}$ [Å] | $\Delta\lambda_{\mathrm{mean}}$ [Å] | $\lambda_{\mathrm{pivot}}$ [Å] | $A_{\lambda}/A_V$ $^\dag$ | $A_{\lambda}/A_V$ $^\S$ |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| u | 3577 | 325 | 3542 | 323 | 3533 | 1.610 | 1.584 |
| J0378 | 3771 | 151 | 3774 | 136 | 3773 | 1.518 | 1.528 |
| J0395 | 3941 | 103 | 3941 | 101 | 3941 | 1.459 | 1.483 |
| J0410 | 4094 | 200 | 4096 | 101 | 4095 | 1.403 | 1.434 |
| J0430 | 4292 | 200 | 4293 | 195 | 4292 | 1.334 | 1.364 |
| g | 4774 | 1505 | 4821 | 1312 | 4758 | 1.199 | 1.197 |
| J0515 | 5133 | 207 | 5134 | 204 | 5133 | 1.098 | 1.085 |
| r | 6275 | 1437 | 6296 | 1274 | 6252 | 0.864 | 0.866 |
| J0660 | 6614 | 147 | 6614 | 147 | 6614 | 0.798 | 0.810 |
| i | 7702 | 1507 | 7710 | 1438 | 7671 | 0.648 | 0.646 |
| J0861 | 8611 | 410 | 8610 | 402 | 8607 | 0.539 | 0.518 |
| z | 8882 | 1270 | 8986 | 1308 | 8941 | 0.512 | 0.484 |

## DR5 Public Catalog Documentation[#](#dr5-public-catalog-documentation)

### dr5\_dual[#](#dr5_dual)

| Column | unit | description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Field |  | name of S-PLUS field |
| ID |  | object ID in a given field |
| ID_RA | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this ID |
| ID_DEC | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this ID |
| PHOT_ID_dual |  | Same as DET_ID_dual |
| PHOT_ID_RA_dual | deg | Same as RA |
| PHOT_ID_DEC_dual | deg | same as DEC |
| DET_ID_dual |  | Generated ID for the source in the detection catalog |
| RA | deg | Right ascension of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| DEC | deg | Declination of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| SEX_NUMBER_DET |  | SExtractor's Running object number |
| SEX_FLAGS_DET |  | SExtractor's Extraction flags |
| calib_strat |  | Name given to calibration strategy used in this field |
| X | pixel | Object position along x |
| Y | pixel | Object position along y |
| A | deg | Profile RMS along major axis |
| B | deg | Profile RMS along minor axis |
| THETA | deg | Position angle (CCW/World-x) |
| ELONGATION |  | A_IMAGE/B_IMAGE |
| ELLIPTICITY |  | 1 - B_IMAGE/A_IMAGE |
| ISOarea | deg2 | Isophotal area above ANALYSIS_THRESH |
| KRON_RADIUS |  | Kron radius in units of A or B |
| PETRO_RADIUS |  | Petrosian apertures in units of A or B |
| FLUX_RADIUS_20 |  | Radius enclosing 20% of the total flux |
| FLUX_RADIUS_50 |  | Radius enclosing 50% of the total flux |
| FLUX_RADIUS_70 |  | Radius enclosing 70% of the total flux |
| FLUX_RADIUS_90 |  | Radius enclosing 90% of the total flux |
| CLASS_STAR |  | S/G classifier output (1: star; 0: non-star) |
| FWHM | deg | FWHM assuming a Gaussian core |
| FWHM_n |  | Normalized FWHM assuming a Gaussian core |
| MU_MAX_INST | instrumental | Instrumental Peak surface brightness above background |
| MU_THRESHOLD_INST | instrumental | Instrumental Detection threshold above background |
| BACKGROUND | instrumental | Instrumental background at centroid position |
| THRESHOLD | instrumental | Instrumental detection threshold above background |
| s2n_DET_{aperture} |  | signal to noise ratio of {aperture} measurement |
| EBV_SCH | mag | extinction E_{B-V} given by Schlegel+98 maps for the source's RA, DEC |
| PHOT_ID_dual |  | In dual mode, same as DET_ID_dual (see detection catalog) |
| PHOT_ID_RA_dual | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| PHOT_ID_DEC_dual | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| {filter}_ID_dual |  | In dual mode, same as DET_ID_dual |
| RA | deg | Right ascension of barycenter (J2000) of the source in the detection |
| DEC | deg | Declination of barycenter (J2000) of the source in the detection |
| SEX_NUMBER_{filter} |  | SExtractor's Running object number |
| SEX_FLAGS_{filter} |  | SExtractor's Extraction flags |
| calib_strat |  | Name given to calibration strategy used in this field |
| FWHM_{filter} | deg | FWHM assuming a Gaussian core in this filter |
| FWHM_n_{filter} |  | Normalized FWHM assuming a Gaussian core |
| MU_MAX_{filter} | mag/arcsec2 | Peak surface brightness above background in this filter |
| MU_THRESHOLD_{filter} | mag/arcsec2 | Detection threshold above background in this filter |
| BACKGROUND_{filter} | instrumental | Instrumental background at centroid position in this filter |
| THRESHOLD_{filter} | instrumental | Instrumental detection threshold above background in this filter |
| {filter}_{aperture} | AB mag | AB-Calibrated magnitude for the {aperture} measurement |
| e_{filter}_{aperture} | AB mag | error for {filter}_{aperture} magnitude |
| s2n_{aperture}_{filter} |  | signal to noise ratio of {aperture} measurement |

### dr5\_single[#](#dr5_single)

| Name | unit | description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Field |  | name of S-PLUS field |
| ID |  | object ID in a given field |
| ID_RA | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this ID |
| ID_DEC | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this ID |
| PHOT_ID_single |  | Generated single mode photometry ID |
| PHOT_ID_RA_single | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| PHOT_ID_DEC_single | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| {filter}_ID_single |  | Generated ID for the detection in this filter in single mode |
| RA_{filter} | deg | Right ascension of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| DEC_{filter} | deg | Declination of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| SEX_NUMBER_{filter} |  | SExtractor's Running object number |
| SEX_FLAGS_{filter} |  | SExtractor's Extraction flags |
| calib_strat |  | Name given to calibration strategy used in this field |
| X_{filter} | pixel | Object position along x in this filter |
| Y_{filter} | pixel | Object position along y in this filter |
| A_{filter} | deg | Profile RMS along major axis in this filter |
| B_{filter} | deg | Profile RMS along minor axis in this filter |
| THETA_{filter} | deg | Position angle (CCW/World-x) in this filter |
| ELONGATION_{filter} |  | A_IMAGE/B_IMAGE in this filter |
| ELLIPTICITY_{filter} |  | 1 - B_IMAGE/A_IMAGE in this filter |
| ISOarea_{filter} | deg2 | Isophotal area above ANALYSIS_THRESH in this filter |
| KRON_RADIUS_{filter} |  | Kron radius in units of A or B in this filter |
| PETRO_RADIUS_{filter} |  | Petrosian apertures in units of A or B in this filter |
| FLUX_RADIUS_20_{filter} |  | Radius enclosing 20% of the total flux in this filter |
| FLUX_RADIUS_50_{filter} |  | Radius enclosing 50% of the total flux in this filter |
| FLUX_RADIUS_70_{filter} |  | Radius enclosing 70% of the total flux in this filter |
| FLUX_RADIUS_90_{filter} |  | Radius enclosing 90% of the total flux in this filter |
| CLASS_STAR_{filter} |  | S/G classifier output (1: star; 0: non-star) in this filter |
| FWHM_{filter} | deg | FWHM assuming a Gaussian core in this filter |
| FWHM_n_{filter} |  | Normalized FWHM assuming a Gaussian core |
| MU_MAX_{filter} | mag/arcsec2 | Peak surface brightness above background in this filter |
| MU_THRESHOLD_{filter} | mag/arcsec2 | Detection threshold above background in this filter |
| BACKGROUND_{filter} | instrumental | Instrumental background at centroid position in this filter |
| THRESHOLD_{filter} | instrumental | Instrumental detection threshold above background in this filter |
| {filter}_{aperture} | AB mag | AB-Calibrated magnitude for the {aperture} measurement |
| e_{filter}_{aperture} | AB mag | error for {filter}_{aperture} magnitude |
| s2n_{aperture}_{filter} |  | signal to noise ratio of {aperture} measurement |
| EBV_SCH | mag | extinction E_{B-V} given by Schlegel+98 maps for the source's RA_{filter}, DEC_{filter} |

### dr5\_psf[#](#dr5_psf)

| Name | unit | description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Field |  | name of S-PLUS field |
| ID |  | object ID in a given field |
| ID_RA | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this ID |
| ID_DEC | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this ID |
| PHOT_ID_psf |  | Generated single mode photometry ID |
| PHOT_ID_RA_psf | deg | Right ascension (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| PHOT_ID_DEC_psf | deg | Declination (J2000) associated with this PHOT_ID |
| {filter}_ID_psf |  | Generated ID for the detection in this filter in psf photometry |
| RA_{filter} | deg | Right ascension of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| DEC_{filter} | deg | Declination of barycenter (J2000) of the source in this filter |
| DoPHOT_Star_number_{filter} |  | DoPHOT star number for this filter |
| calib_strat |  | Name given to calibration strategy used in this field |
| X_{filter} | pixel | Object position along x in this filter |
| Y_{filter} | pixel | Object position along y in this filter |
| CLASS_STAR_{filter} |  | S/G classifier output (1: star; 0: non-star) in this filter |
| {filter}_psf | AB mag | AB-Calibrated PSF-photometry magnitude |
| e_{filter}_psf | AB mag | error for {filter}_PSF magnitude |
| s2n_psf_{filter} |  | signal to noise ratio of PSF-photometry measurement |
| EBV_SCH | mag | extinction E_{B-V} given by Schlegel+98 maps for the source's RA_{filter}, DEC_{filter} |

## Auxiliary Tables[#](#auxiliary-tables)

| Name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| DR5_pointings.csv | Central coordinates (RAJ2000, DEJ2000) of each field in DR5 |
| DR5_fields_zps.csv | Photometric calibration zero-point applied for each filter/field in DR5 |
| DR5_FWHM.csv | Observation seeing for each filter and field in DR4 (FWHM arcsec; coadded image) |
| DR5_MJD.csv | Modified Julian Date of the reference observation of each filter and field in DR5 |
| DR5_aper_correction_dual.csv | Aperture correction applied to the "PStotal" magnitude for each filter/field in DR4, for the dual mode photometry |
| DR5_aper_correction_single.csv | Aperture correction applied to the "PStotal" magnitude for each filter/field in DR4, for the dual mode photometry |

## Auxiliary Configuration Files[#](#auxiliary-configuration-files)

| Name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| SPLUS-s02s01_R_single.sex | Example of SExtractor's configuration file for the single mode photometry |
| SPLUS-s02s01_R_dual.sex | Example of SExtractor's configuration file for the dual mode photometry |
| SPLUS-s02s01_detection.sex | Example of SExtractor's configuration file for the detection image catalog |
| DR5.param | Example of SExtractor's param file for both single and dual mode photometries |
| SPLUS-s02s01_config.swarp | Example of SWarp configuration used in the generation of the detection image |
| SPLUS-s02s01_R_swp.tuneup | Example of DOphot configuration used in the PSF photometry |
| paramdefault | DOphot default configuration file |
| coelho14_bw30_DR5_2.cat | Synthetic photometry library used in the calibration of DR5 |

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{Vinicius\_Rodrigues\_de\_Lima\_2026,
  author    = {Vinicius Rodrigues de Lima, Erik and Oliveira Schwarz, Gustavo Bernhard and Herpich, Fábio Rafael and Almeida-Fernandes, Felipe and Nakazono, Lilianne and Duarte Lacerda, Eduardo Alberto and Santos, André and Figueiredo, André Luiz and Gutiérrez-Soto, Luis Angel and Jobim Sartori, Marilia and Fonseca-Faria, Marcos Antonio and Sampaio Carvalho, Maiara and Cubillos Palma, Bárbara and Lösch, Elismar and Pardo Montaguth, Gissel and Santos Silva, José Yuri and Li, Liana and Izabela, Marina and Magalhães Cardoso, Natanael and Santos-Silva, Thais and Lopes, Paulo Afranio Augusto and Humire, Pedro K. and Vassallo Bordoni, Roberta and Reis Lopes, Amanda and Smith Castelli, Analia Viviana and Krabbe, Angela Cristina and Damineli, Augusto and Ferreira Lopes, Carlos Eduardo and Lima-Dias, Ciria and de Bom, Clecio Roque and Olave-Rojas, Daniela E. and Hazarika, Debasish and Telles, Eduardo and Ghuron, Erick and Limberg, Guilherme and Perottoni, Helio D. and Thainá-Batista, Julia and Sodré, Laerte and Doubrawa, Lia and Borges Fernandes, Marcelo and Marinello, Murilo and Panda, Swayamtrupta and Ré, Pierre Augusto and Lopes de Oliveira, Raimundo and Ruiz Valença, Raquel and Demarco, Ricardo and Cid-Fernandes, Roberto and Facundo Haack, Rodrigo and Torres-Flores, Sergio and Akras, Stavros and Beers, Timothy C. and Placco, Vinicius M. and Cernic, Vitor and Sasse, Victor Hugo and Kanaan, Antonio and Ribeiro, Tiago and Schoenell, William and Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia Lucia},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-4357/ae8d1f},
  issn      = {1538-4357},
  journal   = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  month     = {August},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {167},
  publisher = {American Astronomical Society},
  title     = {The S-PLUS Fifth Data Release: Over 4500 Square Degrees of the Southern Sky and a Multicolor View of the Hydra and Antlia Galaxy Clusters},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae8d1f},
  volume    = {1007},
  year      = {2026}
}

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/lima-dias

Astronomy & Astrophysics (2026)

## Abstract

_Context._ Galaxy evolution in dense environments such as clusters is strongly affected by environmental processes, which can significantly alter both morphology and star formation activity. Studying galaxies over a wide range of clustercentric distances makes it possible to probe how these mechanisms operate across different environmental densities and to investigate pre-processing in the cluster infall regions. The Antlia cluster is particularly interesting due to its proximity and dynamical stage, but it still lacks investigation towards larger radii from the cluster core.  
_Aims._ We investigate how galaxy morphology and star formation rates vary due to environmental effects, extending this analysis out to $5R\_{200}$ using Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) data.  
_Methods._ We derive star formation rates from Hα emission using the J0660-band of S-PLUS, and Sérsic index using GALFITM, for which we limit our analysis to galaxies with magnitude brighter than $m\_r = 16$. Our main analysis focuses on 154 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts consistent with the Antlia cluster. We split galaxies between early- and late-type systems (ETGs and LTGs, respectively) using a combination of colour $(u - r)$ and Sérsic index, and between quenched and star-forming (QGs and SFGs, respectively). We further explore their environmental dependence using projected phase–space diagrams, substructure, and projected local density.  
_Results._ We find that the Antlia cluster and its infall regions are dominated by SFGs from 1 to $5R\_{200}$, whereas within $1R\_{200}$ it exhibits a higher fraction of QGs. ETGs and LTGs show similar radial trends to those of QGs and SFGs, respectively. However, within $1R\_{200}$, Antlia exhibits approximately the same fraction of ETGs and LTGs. Regarding the local density ($\\Sigma\_{10}\[\\text{Mpc}^2\]$), QGs dominate regions with $\\log(\\Sigma\_{10}\[\\text{Mpc}^2\]) \\gtrsim 1.5$, while LTGs dominate regions with $\\log(\\Sigma\_{10}\[\\text{Mpc}^2\]) \\lesssim 1.0$. We also identified substructures extending from the central region to the outskirts of the cluster, including substructures dominated by SFG. Nevertheless, we found that the percentage of SFG within substructures is lower than that of galaxies not associated with substructures up to $5R\_{200}$ of the cluster, reinforcing the pre-processing scenario in small groups.  
_Conclusions._ Altogether, the detected substructures indicate that the Antlia cluster is still undergoing mass assembly through group accretion, consistent with Antlia being a dynamically young system.

## Interactive mosaic of Antlia Cluster[#](#interactive-mosaic-of-antlia-cluster)

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{Lima\_Dias\_2026,
  author    = {Lima-Dias, Ciria and Monachesi, Antonela and Montaguth, Gissel P. and Haack, Rodrigo F. and Olave-Rojas, Daniela E. and Méndez-Hernández, Hugo and Torres-Flores, Sergio and Otárola, Luis and Pablo Calderón, Juan and Smith Castelli, Analía V. and Jaffé, Yara L. and Haines, Christopher P. and Pallero, Diego and Sampaio, Vitor M. and Sifón, Cristóbal and Alvarez-Candal, Alvaro and Argudo-Fernández, María and Véliz Astudillo, Simón and Carvalho, Maiara S. and Cassarà, Letizia P. and Cheng, Cheng and Cortesi, Arianna and Demarco, Ricardo and Finoguenov, Alexis and Fonseca-Faria, Marcos and Gonçalves, Thiago S. and Ibar, Eduardo and Lacerna, Iván and Lösch, Elismar and Krabbe, Angela C. and Kuchner, Ulrike and Lima, Erik V. R. and Lopes, Amanda R. and Lopes-Silva, Vitor H. and Manjunatha, Amrutha B. and Cardoso, Natanael M. and Ortiz-Gómez, Sebastián and Oliveira Schwarz, Gustavo B. and Rescigno, Umberto and Roukema, Boudewijn F. and Tejos, Nicolás and Telles, Eduardo and Vulcani, Benedetta and Werner, Stephane V. and Sodré Jr, Laerte and Herpich, Fábio R. and Almeida-Fernandes, Felipe and Kanaan, Antonio and Ribeiro, Tiago and Schoenell, William and Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia},
  doi       = {10.1051/0004-6361/202661044},
  issn      = {1432-0746},
  journal   = {Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics},
  month     = {September},
  publisher = {EDP Sciences},
  title     = {Star formation and morphological trends in the Antlia cluster. Probing environmental influence out to 5R\_200},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202661044},
  year      = {2026}
}

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira

The Astrophysical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

Within the framework of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS), we introduce **S**\-PLUS **C**lusters **A**nd **L**arge-scale **E**nvironments (SCALE), a project dedicated to the study of galaxy clusters, groups, and their environments using 12-band photometry of S-PLUS combined with spectroscopic and photometric data from the literature. In this first paper, we present a catalog of 83 previously known systems in the redshift range $0.008 \\leq z\_{\\rm spec} \\leq 0.1$, for which we derive $R\_{200}$, $M\_{200}$, and velocity dispersions. Spectroscopic members are selected and matched with S-PLUS photometric redshifts (photo-$z$s). We find excellent agreement between literature spectroscopic redshifts (spec-$z$s) and S-PLUS photometric redshifts (photo-$z$s), demonstrating the potential of the latter for cluster and group membership determination. As a proof of concept, we obtain photometric memberships for Abell 4038 using the Reliable Photometric Membership technique. A two- and three-dimensional analysis of the region within $10 h^{-1}$ Mpc ($10\\times R\_{200}$) from the center of Abell 4038 reveals about a dozen substructures including two additional clusters within $1.3\\times R\_{200}$ (Abell 4038B and Abell 4049). A color–luminosity segregation analysis shows that more luminous (less luminous) galaxies are redder (bluer), as expected. Low-concentration galaxies ($C \\leq 2.5$) exhibit a weaker color–luminosity dependence, compared to higher-concentration ones, indicating mass-dependent evolutionary pathways that challenge a simple morphology–color dichotomy, with low-luminosity galaxies presenting bluer colors largely independent of concentration. The SCALE catalog provides a valuable basis for future studies of large-scale structures and their connection to galaxy evolution.

## Public catalog documentation[#](#public-catalog-documentation)

### Table 1[#](#table-1)

A digital version of Table 1 from the published article is provided to facilitate data analysis. Table 1 presents a summary of the 83 SCALE systems, with each row corresponding to an individual cluster and reporting aggregated cluster properties. The table includes the principal quantities derived in this work, such as $R\_{200}$, $M\_{200}$, and $\\sigma\_{cl}$.

| No. | Unit | Column | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 |  | cluster | Name of the cluster/group |
| 2 | deg | ra | Central right ascension of the cluster/group (J2000) |
| 3 | deg | dec | Central declination of the cluster/group (J2000) |
| 4 |  | redshift | Cluster/group redshift |
| 5 | km/s | sigma_cluster | Cluster/group velocity dispersion |
| 6 | Mpc | R200 | Virial radius of the cluster/group |
| 7 | 1014\(M_\odot\) | M200 | Cluster/group mass enclosed within R200 |
| 8 |  | Ntot | Total number of galaxies identified as cluster/group members |
| 9 |  | N200 | Number of cluster/group member galaxies within R200 |
| 10 |  | s | The offset subtracted from the photometric redshifts of cluster members/interlopers (Table 2) to align the photometric-redshift distribution with the spectroscopic-redshift distribution (see Fig. 2) |

### Table 2[#](#table-2)

Table 2 is provided as a digital asset accompanying this work and contains the photometric and spectroscopic measurements, as well as the quantities derived in this study, for each galaxy (cluster member or interloper) associated with the 83 SCALE systems.

| No. | Unit | Column name | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 |  | cluster | Cluster or group identifier |
| 2 | deg | ra | Right Ascension (J2000) in decimal degrees |
| 3 | deg | dec | Declination (J2000) in decimal degrees |
| 4 |  | flag_member | Membership flag (0=member, 1=interloper) |
| 5 | km/s | velocity | Velocity derived from spectroscopic redshift |
| 6 | km/s | velocity_err | Velocity error |
| 7 | km/s | velocity_offset | Velocity difference relative to cluster central velocity |
| 8 | deg | dist_proj | Sky projected angular distance between the object and the corresponding cluster center |
| 9 | Mpc | dist | Linear distance between the object and the corresponding cluster center |
| 10 |  | dist_r200 | Linear clustercentric distance to the object normalized by the corresponding cluster's virial radius (R200) |
| 11 |  | sp_prob_gal | S-PLUS DR5 Probability of the object being a galaxy[^nakazono2021] |
| 12 | deg | sp_A | Semi-major axis of the object's light distribution, corresponding to its maximum spatial dispersion |
| 13 | deg | sp_B | Semi-minor axis of the object's light distribution, corresponding to its minimum spatial dispersion |
| 14 | deg | sp_PA | S-PLUS DR5 position angle (counter-clockwise / World-x) |
| 15 |  | sp_ellipticity | Ellipticity (A_IMAGE / B_IMAGE) |
| 16 | deg | sp_radius_petro | S-PLUS DR5 petrosian aperture radius |
| 17 | deg | sp_radius_20 | Radius enclosing 20% of the total flux |
| 18 | deg | sp_radius_50 | Radius enclosing 50% of the total flux |
| 19 | deg | sp_radius_90 | Radius enclosing 90% of the total flux |
| 20 | mag/arcsec2 | sp_mu_max_g | Instrumental peak surface brightness above background in g |
| 21 | mag/arcsec2 | sp_mu_max_r | Instrumental peak surface brightness above background in r |
| 22 |  | sp_background_g | Instrumental background at centroid position in g |
| 23 |  | sp_background_r | Instrumental background at centroid position in r |
| 24 |  | sp_s2n_g_auto | Signal-to-noise ratio of g (auto) |
| 25 |  | sp_s2n_r_auto | Signal-to-noise ratio of r (auto) |
| 26 | mag | sp_mag_u_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in u band with auto aperture |
| 27 | mag | sp_mag_g_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in g band with auto aperture |
| 28 | mag | sp_mag_r_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in r band with auto aperture |
| 29 | mag | sp_mag_i_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in i band with auto aperture |
| 30 | mag | sp_mag_z_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in z band with auto aperture |
| 31 | mag | sp_mag_F378_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F378 band (Balmer jump / [OII]) with auto aperture |
| 32 | mag | sp_mag_F395_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F395 band (Ca H + K) with auto aperture |
| 33 | mag | sp_mag_F410_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F410 band (H\(\delta\)) with auto aperture |
| 34 | mag | sp_mag_F430_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F430 band (G band) with auto aperture |
| 35 | mag | sp_mag_F515_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F515 band (Mg b triplet) with auto aperture |
| 36 | mag | sp_mag_F660_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F660 band (H\(\alpha\)) with auto aperture |
| 37 | mag | sp_mag_F861_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in F861 band (Ca triplet) with auto aperture |
| 38–49 | mag | sp_mag_[band]_PStotal | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in [band] band with PStotal aperture; [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 50–61 | mag | sp_mag_[band]_aper_6 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in [band] band with 6'' aperture; [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 62–73 | mag | sp_mag_err_[band]_auto | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude error in [band] band with auto aperture; [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 74–85 | mag | sp_mag_err_[band]_PStotal | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude error in [band] band with PStotal aperture; [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 86–97 | mag | sp_mag_err_[band]_aper_6 | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude error in [band] band with 6'' aperture; [band] is one of: u, g, r, i, z, F378, F395, F410, F430, F515, F660, F861 |
| 98–101 | mag | sp_mag_g_[type] | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in g band for [type] aperture; [type] is one of: aper_3, res, iso, petro |
| 102–105 | mag | sp_mag_r_[type] | S-PLUS DR5 magnitude in r band for [type] aperture; [type] is one of: aper_3, res, iso, petro |
| 106 |  | sp_field | Survey field identifier |
| 107 |  | sp_photoz | S-PLUS DR5 single-point photometric redshift estimate[^erik-redshifts] |
| 108 |  | sp_photoz_odds | Area of PDF within 0.02 of the PDF peak (photo-z odds) |
| 109–111 |  | sp_photoz_pdf_weights_[i] | Weights of the gaussian components of the photometric-redshift PDF mixture, where [i] is one of 0, 1, 2 |
| 112–114 |  | sp_photoz_pdf_means_[i] | Means of the gaussian components of the photometric-redshift PDF mixture, where [i] is one of 0, 1, 2 |
| 115–117 |  | sp_photoz_pdf_stds_[i] | Standard deviations of the gaussian components of the photometric-redshift PDF mixture, where [i] is one of 0, 1, 2 |
| 118 |  | sp_in_overlap_region | Flag indicating object lies in overlap region (bool/int) |
| 119–126 | mag | ls_mag_[band] | Legacy Survey DR10 magnitudes where [band] is one of: g, r, i, z, w1, w2, w3, w4 |
| 127 |  | ls_type | Legacy Survey DR10 morphological type |
| 128 | arcsec | ls_shape_r | Legacy Survey effective radius (arcsec) |
| 129 |  | lit_redshift | Spectroscopic redshift[^erik-redshifts] |
| 130 |  | lit_redshift_err | Spectroscopic redshift error |
| 131 |  | lit_class_spec | Spectroscopic classification |
| 132 |  | lit_original_class_spec | Original spectroscopic classification before grouping |
| 133 |  | lit_source | Catalogue/source of the spectroscopic redshift |
| 134 |  | lit_redshift_flag | Flag indicating spectroscopic redshift quality |

## Data

Table 1

CSVtable\_1.csv[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.csv)

eCSVtable\_1.ecsv[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.ecsv)

Parquettable\_1.parquet[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.parquet)

FITStable\_1.fits[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.fits)

VOTabletable\_1.xml[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.xml)

MRTtable\_1.mrt[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_1.mrt)

Table 2

CSVtable\_2.csv[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.csv)

eCSVtable\_2.ecsv[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.ecsv)

Parquettable\_2.parquet[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.parquet)

FITStable\_2.fits[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.fits)

VOTabletable\_2.xml[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.xml)

MRTtable\_2.mrt[Download](https://github.com/splus-scale/data/releases/download/v1/table_2.mrt)

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{Mendes\_de\_Oliveira\_2026,
  author    = {Mendes de Oliveira, C. and Cardoso, N. M. and Lopes, P. A. A. and Ribeiro, A. L. B. and Olave-Rojas, D. E. and Krabbe, A. and Sodré, L. and Demarco, R. and Smith Castelli, A. V. and Cid Fernandes, R. and Herpich, F. R. and Torres-Flores, S. and Carrasco, E. R. and Lima, E. V. R. and Oliveira Schwarz, G. and Costa, A. P. and Doubrawa, L. and Montaguth, G. P. and Lima-Dias, C. and Cypriano, E. S. and Carvalho, M. S. and Lobo, C. and Fonseca-Faria, M. and Nakazono, L. and Lopes, A. R. and Almeida-Fernandes, F. and Kanaan, A. and Ribeiro, T. and Schoenell, W.},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-4357/ae84d0},
  issn      = {1538-4357},
  journal   = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  month     = {August},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {202},
  publisher = {American Astronomical Society},
  title     = {S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE). I. A Catalog of Known Clusters and Groups in DR5 and a Pilot Study of Abell 4038},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae84d0},
  volume    = {1007},
  year      = {2026}
}

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

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### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

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Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

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![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/mitra

The Astrophysical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

We report the serendipitous discovery of an exceptionally low surface brightness galaxy (LSBG) candidate, Rubin J122659.4+090236, in Rubin Observatory imaging of the interacting NGC 4410 system, identified in the Cosmic Treasure Chest public release. 2D Sérsic modelling of the Rubin _g_, _r_, and _i_ images reveals a nearly round system with a shallow profile ($n \\sim 0.4$), an effective radius of $R\_e \\sim 6''$, and central surface brightnesses of $\\mu\_{0,g} = 27.52 \\pm 0.04$, $μ\_{0,r} = 27.62 \\pm 0.07$, and $\\mu\_{0,i} = 27.04 \\pm 0.08$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$. EAZY photo-z fitting favours an intermediate-z solution at $z \\sim 0.3$, while a low-redshift solution at $z \\sim 0.028$, consistent with the NGC 4410 system, is also permitted by a restricted EAZY fit over $0 < z < 0.1$ without imposing a redshift prior. These alternatives imply substantially different physical interpretations, ranging from a diffuse dwarf-like system to an exceptionally extended background LSBG. This discovery demonstrates Rubin's sensitivity to extremely diffuse galaxies and highlights the potential of the LSST survey to uncover large samples of such elusive systems across wide areas, enabling systematic studies of the LSBG population and its role in galaxy evolution.

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/nakazono/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

---

## CLAS+: A large catalog of Changing-Look AGN candidates selected through S-PLUS narrow-band photometry

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/nakazono

The Astrophysical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CLAGN) exhibit rapid spectral transitions on timescales of months to years, challenging standard AGN unification models and providing unique insight into accretion-disk variability and obscuration processes. Despite their scientific importance, systematic searches for CLAGN remain limited by the scarcity of multi-epoch spectroscopy and the difficulty of constructing large samples efficiently. We introduce CLAS+, a catalog constructed by comparing synthetic photometry derived from DESI DR1 and SDSS DR17 spectra with contemporaneous narrow-band imaging from the S-PLUS survey. Applying our pipeline to a parent sample of 98,139 quasars, we select high-confidence CLAGN candidates above a threshold of reduced chi-squared $\\chi^2\_r > 15$. We identify 3,554 high-confidence candidates, corresponding to 3.6% of the parent sample. This selected fraction is conditional on the adopted criterion and should not be interpreted as an intrinsic CLAGN occurrence rate. Cross-matching with existing CLAGN compilations shows that CLAS+ identifies a large population of previously unreported high-priority candidates (3,481). Among the spectroscopic--photometric comparisons with reliable temporal classification, 40% are classified as photometric turn-on, 41% as intermediate, and 19% as turn-off. We also find an apparent redshift dependence in the relative fractions, with photometric turn-on candidates becoming more common at higher redshifts within the CLAS+ selected sample. Therefore, narrow-band photometry provides a powerful and efficient alternative to purely spectroscopic searches for identifying CLAGN candidates at scale. CLAS+ substantially expands the known CLAGN candidate population and provides a valuable target list for future spectroscopic follow-up and time-domain studies with facilities such as Rubin/LSST.

## Dataset Analysis[#](#dataset-analysis)

A web-based analysis tool with the crossmatch of CLAS+ changing-look AGN candidates with LSST alert light curves is available in [this page](https://marixko.github.io/CLAS_lsst_fup/).

## Description of the CLAS+ Catalog[#](#description-of-the-clas-catalog)

| Column | Type | Unit | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| splus id | string |  | S-PLUS object identifier. |
| ra | float | deg | Right ascension (J2000). |
| dec | float | deg | Declination (J2000). |
| redshift | float |  | Spectroscopic redshift. |
| dataset | string |  | Spectroscopic dataset used in the comparison (e.g., DESI-DR1). |
| spectrum_obs_date | date/datetime | UTC date | Observation date of the spectrum used to compute synthetic photometry. |
| spectrum_obs_date_mjd | float |  | MJD of the spectrum used to compute synthetic photometry. |
| chi2_red | float |  | Reduced chi-square over all valid filters, $\chi^2_{\rm red} = \chi^2/{\rm dof}$. |
| dof | int |  | Number of valid filters used in chi2. |
| chi2_red_broad | float |  | Reduced chi-square for broad bands, $\chi^2_{\rm broad} = {\rm dof}_{\rm broad}$. |
| dof_broad | int |  | Number of valid broad bands used in chi2_broad. |
| chi2_red_narrow | float |  | Reduced chi-square for narrow bands, $\chi^2_{\rm narrow} = {\rm dof}_{\rm narrow}$. |
| dof_narrow | int |  | Number of valid narrow bands used in chi2_narrow. |
| state_consolidated | string |  | Per-epoch temporal state (e.g., turn-on, turn-off, intermediate). |
| state_consolidated_confidence | float |  | Confidence level of the consolidated state classification. |
| n_unique_spectra | int |  | Number of valid spectra for this source. |
| mag_psf_[filter] | float | mag | S-PLUS magnitude for each [filter]. |
| err_mag_psf_[filter] | float | mag | S-PLUS error magnitude for each [filter]. |
| flags_det | int |  | S-PLUS photometric quality flag in the detection image. |
| splus_obs_date | date/datetime | UTC date | Observation date of the S-PLUS observation. |
| splus_obs_date_mjd | float |  | MJD of the S-PLUS observation. |

* * *

* * *

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/valenca/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### Star Formation and Morphological Trends in the Antlia Cluster: Probing Environmental Influence out to 5R200

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima-dias/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fifth Data-Release: Over 4500 square degrees of the Southern Sky and a multicolor view of the Hydra and Antlia galaxy clusters

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/lima/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### S-PLUS Clusters And Large-scale Environments (SCALE): I. A catalog of known systems in DR5 and a pilot study of Abell 4038

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mendes-de-oliveira/)

[

![Cover of The Astronomical Journal](/_astro/aj.Ct00BsWl_86pQ6.webp)

Research article

### AstroInspect: a web-based system to organize, assess, and visually inspect astronomical objects

_AJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/cardoso/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering ∼ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/haack/)

[

![Cover of The Astrophysical Journal](/_astro/apj.CXF24TDT_1xAwXP.webp)

Research article

### Rubin J122659.4+090236: An Extremely Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the Rubin LSST Early Data Preview 2

_ApJ_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/mitra/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Astrophysics](/_astro/aa.D5LgeuQl_ZmOlDw.webp)

Letter

### Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

_A&A_ (2026)



](/publications/2026/le/)

[

![Cover of Astronomy & Computing](/_astro/ac.DtePVyVj_1GPu3R.webp)

Research article

### MAR: A Multiband Astronomical Reduction package

_A&C_ (2025)



](/publications/2025/oliveira-schwarz/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/smith-castelli/)

[

![Cover of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society](/_astro/mnras.D8iZCkk7_1RuRXi.webp)

Research article

### Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates

_MNRAS_ (2024)



](/publications/2024/krabbe/)

[

![Cover of Boletín de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía](/_astro/baaa.CEyfdI08_Z2tNbsq.webp)

Research article

### Identification of interacting galaxies in the S-PLUS database

_BAAA_ (2022)



](/publications/2022/oliveira-schwarz/)

---

## Tabular foundation models for the estimation of probabilistic quasar photometric redshifts in S-PLUS

URL: https://natanael.net/publications/2026/valenca

The Astronomical Journal (2026)

## Abstract

We assess whether tabular foundation models can be used as off-the-shelf probabilistic photometric-redshift estimators for quasars in the 12-band S-PLUS DR6 survey, where colour–redshift degeneracies produce multi-modal posteriors and spectroscopic training sets are shifted relative to the photometric population. TabPFN 2.5, RealTabPFN 2.5, and TabICL are benchmarked against eight task-specific baselines, including linear conditional Gaussians, FlexZBoost, mixture-density networks, normalising flows, random forests, and gradient-boosted trees. Models are evaluated with training sets from 500 to 121,626 quasars, using density metrics (CDE loss, log-likelihood, CRPS, PIT–KS, and 90% coverage), point metrics (RMSE, NMAD, bias, and catastrophic-outlier fractions), and importance-weighted scores that approximate deployment on the photometric target sample. Among all methods, TabPFN 2.5 is best or statistically tied for best on nearly all metrics, with the largest gains for small training sets and in difficult regimes — very bright sources, faint sources, high redshift — while retaining near-nominal calibration under covariate shift. Its main practical cost is shifted from training to inference: with frozen weights and no per-survey tuning, it remains tractable at the $\\sim 10^5$-object scale studied here, but large support and target catalogues require substantial GPU/accelerator memory and can make full-catalogue inference computationally expensive. SHAP attributions identify WISE W1/W2 as the strongest individual predictors, with UV and optical bands providing refinements that are collectively non-negligible. We conclude that TabPFN 2.5 is a strong default for probabilistic quasar photo-$z$ estimation.

## Citation

reference.bib

CopyDownload

@article{Valen\_a\_2026,
  author    = {Valença, Raquel R. and Nakazono, Lilianne and Izbicki, Rafael and de Almeida Inácio, Marco Henrique and Marcondes e Resende, Bruno and Deláqua da Silva, Maycon Jorge and Coimbra Buin Lins, Kiana and Cardoso, Natanael M. and Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-3881/ae9eb6},
  issn      = {1538-3881},
  journal   = {The Astronomical Journal},
  month     = {September},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {229},
  publisher = {American Astronomical Society},
  title     = {Tabular Foundation Models for the Estimation of Probabilistic Quasar Photometric Redshifts in S-PLUS},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ae9eb6},
  volume    = {172},
  year      = {2026}
}

* * *

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_BAAA_ (2022)



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